Na mgbanwe nke igwe KAMAZ ugbu a, a na-enye usoro mmanu mmanu, nke e wuru n'otu nkeji - onye na-ekpo ọkụ mmanụ.Gụọ ihe niile gbasara akụkụ ndị a, ụdị ha, imewe, ụkpụrụ nke ọrụ na ntinye, yana nhọrọ ziri ezi, nrụzi na ngbanwe nke ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ n'isiokwu a.
Gịnị bụ KAMAZ mmanụ ọkụ mgbanwe?
Onye na-ekpo ọkụ mmanụ (ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke mmiri mmiri, LMT) bụ otu nke mmanu na usoro jụrụ oyi maka ike mmanụ dizel dị elu;Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ a haziri ahazi nke arụnyere n'ime sistemu mmiri jụrụ oyi nke injin, nke na-enye mmanu injin nju oyi n'ihi mgbanwe okpomọkụ na mmiri oyi.
Usoro lubrication nke dị ike KAMAZ diesel units na-arụ ọrụ n'ọnọdụ siri ike, mmanụ ahụ na-egosipụta mgbe niile na okpomọkụ dị elu ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-efunahụ àgwà ya.N'ụdị ụfọdụ, mmanụ engine nwere ike ikpo ọkụ, nke na-eduga n'ịbelata viscosity na mmanu ya, yana oke ire ere na ike ọgwụgwụ.N'ikpeazụ, mmanụ ekpo oke ọkụ na-emebi ọrụ nke engine na ọbụna mee ka ọ daa.A na-edozi nsogbu a site n'iwebata ihe na-eme ka mmanụ dị jụụ - ihe na-ekpo ọkụ - n'ime usoro mmanụ ọkụ nke KAMAZ engines.
Onye na-ekpo ọkụ mmanụ mmanụ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro mmanụ ọkụ na igwe jụrụ oyi, ọ na-eme ka mwepụ nke oke ọkụ sitere na mmanụ n'ihi mgbanwe okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ na mmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ (coolant).Ọ bụ ya mere a na-akpọ ngwaọrụ ndị dị otú a ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ-mmiri mmanụ, ma ọ bụ LMT.Ngalaba a na-arụ ọtụtụ ọrụ:
- Iju oyi nke mmanụ n'otu akụkụ na okpomọkụ nke engine nke na-erughị ogo 100;
- Ntucha mmanụ niile na-abanye na engine na okpomọkụ na nso nke 100-110 degrees;
- Mbelata oriri mmanụ maka mkpofu na ịgbatị ndụ ya;
- N'ịhụ na ezigbo okpomọkụ ọchịchị nke dị iche iche engine usoro - ekele LMT, mmanụ okpomọkụ adịghị ada n'okpuru coolant okpomọkụ, nke na-eme ka a ọzọ edo kpo oku nke engine akụkụ, mbelata nke n'ibu nrụgide, wdg;
- Ịmepụta nhazi nke usoro mmanu mmanu mmanu na ibelata ego nke injin na-eme ka o doo anya na njirimara nke oru ya.
Taa, a na-etinye ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ n'ime ọtụtụ engines diesel KAMAZ nke na-agbaso ụkpụrụ Euro-2 na n'elu, ha na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịhụ na njirimara nkịtị nke ike ahụ na ụdị ọrụ niile.A ghaghị ịrụzi ma ọ bụ dochie onye na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ na-adịghị mma ozugbo enwere ike, ma tupu ịzụta akụkụ ọhụrụ, ị kwesịrị ịghọta nhazi na ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ ndị a.
Nhazi na ụkpụrụ nke ọrụ KAMAZ mmanụ ọkụ
Na igwe KAMAZ, naanị shell-na-tube (tubular) ụdị shell-na-tube (tubular) ụdị mgbanwe dị iche iche na-eji ugbu a.N'usoro, nkeji a dị nnọọ mfe, ọ nwere akụkụ ndị a:
● Ahụ ( casing);
● Core na deflector;
● Ọnụ ụzọ mbata;
● Mkpọpu ihe dị iche iche.
Ndabere nke imewe ahụ bụ aluminom cylindrical body (casing), na mgbidi nke ọwa na ihe mkpuchi na-eme maka ijikọ na ngọngọ mmanụ mmanụ (a na-eme ntinye site na gaskets).A na-emechi njedebe nke casing na mkpuchi pụrụ iche na nozzles - ntinye na ntinye manifolds, nke mbụ na-enye coolant si na jaket mmiri nke cylinder block n'ime ụlọ, na nke abụọ na-atụgharị mmiri mmiri ahụ laghachi na engine jụrụ usoro.A na-eme mkpọtụ na ọwa na ahụ maka ntinye nke valves ụzọ, nke na-ahụ na mmanụ na-agafe na-agafe ihe na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe isi ya na-ekpuchi.
A na-etinye isi n'ime akpa ahụ - mgbakọ nke ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ tubes bras nwere obere mgbidi etinyere na ngwugwu nke efere ígwè transverse.Na isi e nwere efere ise nwere akụkụ na-apụta, nke na-ekewa akụkụ ahụ dum n'ime akụkụ anọ, nke na-enye mgbanwe na ntụziaka mmanụ.N'otu akụkụ nke isi e nwere flange, nke, n'oge echichi, na-adabere na njedebe nke ahụ, n'akụkụ nke ọzọ flange ahụ nwere dayameta dị otú ahụ ka ọ dabara nke ọma na casing, na e nwere ọtụtụ O-mgbanaka na. ya.Nhazi a na-eme ka ikewa nkewa nke mmiri oyi na mmanụ, na-egbochi ha ịgwakọta.Na maka ntụziaka ziri ezi nke mmiri na-asọpụta, onye na-agbapụta ihe dị n'otu akụkụ nke isi - mgbanaka ígwè na-emeghe na oghere.
Nhazi nke KAMAZ mmanụ ọkụ
N'ime LMT a gbakọtara, a na-emepụta ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na mmiri abụọ dịpụrụ adịpụ: coolant na-esi na isi tubes, na mmanụ na-esi na oghere dị n'etiti tubes na mgbidi nke casing.N'ihi nkewa nke isi n'ime akụkụ anọ, a na-abawanye ụzọ mmanụ mmanụ, nke na-enweta ọkụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma nke coolant.
A na-etinye LMT na mgbakọ engine nke nwere ihe nzacha mmanụ (valvụ thermopower nke na-achịkwa mmiri nke mmanụ site na onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-adịkwa ebe a), a na-ejikọta ya na ngwongwo ya na ntinye ya na ọkpọkọ kwekọrọ na ngọngọ cylinder.N'ọtụtụ atụmatụ, a na-ejikọta manifold ọkọnọ na ngọngọ site na obere ọkpọkọ, a na-ejikọta manifold a na-agbapụta site na ihe mkpuchi.
LMT na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị a.Mgbe engine okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru 95 degrees, a na-emechi valvụ ike thermal, ya mere, mmanụ dum na-esi na mgbapụta mmanụ na-agafe na nzacha ma banye ozugbo na usoro mmanụ ọkụ.Mgbe okpomọkụ na-ebili n'elu 95 degrees, valvụ ahụ meghere, na akụkụ nke mmanụ sitere na nzacha na-ezigara LMT - ebe a ọ na-agafe n'ime casing gburugburu isi, na-enye oke okpomọkụ na coolant na-agafe na ọkpọkọ, na naanị. wee banye n'ime usoro mmanu mmanu.Mgbe okpomọkụ na-ebili n'elu 100 degrees, valvụ thermal na-eduzi mmanụ dum si na nzacha gaa na LMT.Ọ bụrụ na n'ihi ihe ọ bụla engine okpomọkụ agafeela 115 degrees, mma mmanu na LMT na-aghọ adịghị irè na ekpo oke ọkụ nwere ike ime - kwekọrọ ekwekọ na-egosi na dashboard na-adọ aka ná ntị banyere mmalite nke mberede.
Ntinye nke ndị na-ekpo ọkụ mmanụ na ụgbọ ala KAMAZ
A na-etinye LMTs naanị na injin diesel KAMAZ 740 nke mgbanwe dị iche iche nke Euro-2, 3 na 4 gburugburu klaasị.A na-eji ụdị ọkụ ọkụ abụọ eme ihe taa:
● Nọmba katalọgụ 740.11-1013200 - obere mgbanwe;
● Nọmba katalọgụ 740.20-1013200 bụ ogologo mgbanwe.
Ihe dị iche n'etiti akụkụ ndị a dị na nhazi nke ndị na-anakọta ihe na, n'ihi ya, na usoro njikọ na usoro jụrụ oyi.N'ime obere LMT, manifold nke mwepu nwere naanị ihe ndochi na njedebe maka itinye ọkpọkọ site na iji bolts ma ọ bụ studs.Ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ụdị dị otú ahụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, ha dabara maka ọtụtụ injin KAMAZ nke klaasị gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche.N'ime ogologo LMT na ụzọ ọpụpụ enwere ọkpọkọ maka ijikọ eriri igwe na mgbachi igwe.Ma ọ bụghị ya, akụkụ abụọ a bụ otu na enwere ike itinye ya na mgbakọ nzacha ọkọlọtọ.
Nwụnye nke mmanụ ọkụ KAMAZ na ihe nzacha mmanụ
Ọzọkwa, na akụkụ nke ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, n'ihi usoro mmebi ma ọ bụ mmebi, mgbawa na mgbawa na-eme site na mmanụ na-abanye na coolant.A na-ahụkwa otu nsogbu ahụ mgbe ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi na-eyi ma ọ bụ mebie.N'okwu a, a ga-arụzi LMT ma ọ bụ dochie ya kpamkpam.Taa, enwere ngwa nrụzi dị iche iche n'ahịa nwere gaskets, cores, manifolds na akụkụ ndị ọzọ.Ọ bụrụ na nrụzi ahụ agaghị ekwe omume ma ọ bụ na ọ gaghị ekwe omume, mgbe ahụ ọ dị mkpa iji dochie akụkụ ahụ kpamkpam.A na-arụ ọrụ niile dịka ntuziaka maka nrụzi na mmezi nke ụgbọ ala.Tupu ịrụzi ya, a na-ekpochapụ coolant na akụkụ nke mmanụ, mgbe dochie ya, a na-ebute mmiri niile na ọkwa achọrọ.N'ikpeazụ, LMT chọrọ naanị nyocha oge niile na nkwenye nke valves n'oge mmezi ọ bụla.
Ọ bụrụ na ahọpụtara onye na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ ma tinye ya n'ụzọ ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ, mmanụ engine ga-enwe okpomọkụ kachasị mma mgbe niile, na-eme ka arụ ọrụ nke ọma rụọ ọrụ nke ike.
Oge nzipu: Jul-13-2023