Na piston ọ bụla n'ime engine combustion, ị nwere ike ịhụ akụkụ buru ibu nke usoro crank na usoro ndị ọzọ metụtara ya - flywheel.Gụọ ihe niile gbasara flywheels, ụdị ha dị ugbu a, imewe na ụkpụrụ nke ọrụ, yana nhọrọ, nrụzi na nnọchi nke akụkụ ndị a n'isiokwu a.
Ọrụ na ebe nke flywheel na engine
Flywheel (flywheel) - mgbakọ nke usoro crank (KShM), clutch na piston internal combustion engine launch system;N'ịbụ nke dị na shank nke crankshaft bụ diski metal nke nnukwu ihe nwere mgbanaka mgbanaka, nke na-eme ka arụ ọrụ nke moto ahụ kwụsie ike n'ihi nchịkọta na nloghachi nke kinetic ike.
Arụ ọrụ nke piston inter combustion engines bụ nke na-enweghị isi - na nke ọ bụla n'ime cylinders ya, a na-eme strok anọ na mgbanwe abụọ nke ogwe ahụ, na nke ọ bụla strok ọsọ nke piston dị iche.Iji kpochapụ ntụgharị na-adịghị mma nke crankshaft, otu ụdị strok dị iche iche na cylinders dị iche iche na-ekewa n'ime oge, a na-ewebata otu ihe ọzọ n'ime KShM - ụgbọ elu nke a na-eme n'ụdị nnukwu wiil ígwè nke edoziri n'azụ nke crankshaft.
The flywheel na-edozi ọtụtụ isi ọrụ:
● Ịhụ na ịdị n'otu nke ngwa ngwa angular nke crankshaft;
● Ịhụ na mwepụ nke pistons n'ebe nwụrụ anwụ;
● Nbufe nke torque site na crankshaft na usoro clutch wee gaa na igbe ihe;
● Nbufe nke torque site na ngwa mmalite na crankshaft mgbe ịmalite otu ike;
● Ụdị akụkụ ụfọdụ bụ nkwụsị nke mkpọtụ ọkụ na-ama jijiji, nhazi nke KShM na nnyefe nke ụgbọ ala.
Akụkụ a, n'ihi oke ya dị ukwuu, na-akwakọba ike nke kinetic enwetara n'oge ọrịa strok na-arụ ọrụ ma nye ya crankshaft na ọrịa strok atọ fọdụrụnụ - nke a na-eme ka nhazi na nkwụsi ike nke ngwa ngwa angular nke crankshaft, na mwepụ nke pistons. site na TDC na TDC (n'ihi ike inertial na-apụta).Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ site na flywheel ka engine na-ekwurịta okwu na nnyefe nke ụgbọ ala na nnyefe nke torque site na gia nke ọkụ eletrik na crankshaft mgbe engine malitere.Flywheel dị oke mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ nkịtị nke ụgbọ ala, yabụ ọ bụrụ na ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, ọ dị mkpa ịrụzi mmezi ma ọ bụ mejupụta ngbanwe ozugbo enwere ike.Ma tupu ịmalite ọrụ nrụzi, ị kwesịrị ịghọta ụdị dị ugbu a, atụmatụ na atụmatụ nke ụgbọ elu nke igwe ọkụ ọkụ nke oge a.
Mgbakọ ụgbọ elu nwere crankshaft injin
Ụdị na nhazi nke flywheels
Na moto ọgbara ọhụrụ, a na-eji flywheels nke ụdị dị iche iche, mana ụdị atọ nke akụkụ ndị a na-agbasakarị:
● siri ike;
● Ibu arọ;
● Igwe ọkụ (ma ọ bụ okpukpu abụọ).
Ngwa kachasị mfe nwere ụgbọ elu siri ike, nke a na-eji n'ọtụtụ piston n'ime engine combustion - site na obere ụgbọ ala ruo na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe kachasị ike, mmanụ dizel na ụgbọ mmiri.Ndabere nke imewe ahụ bụ ihe nkedo ma ọ bụ diski ígwè nke nwere dayameta nke 30-40 cm ma ọ bụ karịa, n'etiti ya bụ oche maka ntinye na crankshaft shank, na okpueze na-agbanye n'akụkụ ya.A na-emekarị oche maka crankshaft n'ụdị ndọtị (ụlọ ọrụ), nke dị n'etiti ya nwere oghere nke nnukwu dayameta, na gburugburu gburugburu e nwere oghere 4-12 ma ọ bụ karịa maka bolts, site na nke flywheel. na-obere na flange nke aro shank.N'elu elu elu nke flywheel, enwere ebe maka ịwụnye clutch na pad kọntaktị anular maka diski a na-ebugharị clutch.N'akụkụ akụkụ nke flywheel, a na-agbanye ihe mgbanaka nchara nchara, nke, n'oge mmalite, a na-ebufe torque site na ngwa mmalite na crankshaft.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, n'ichepụta ihe, flywheel na-edozi ahụ iji gbochie ịgba ọsọ n'oge ọrụ engine.Mgbe ị na-edozi n'ebe dị iche iche nke flywheel, a na-ewepụ oke ígwè (ịkụnye ihe), na maka nzube nke ịhazi n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-etinye njigide na akụkụ ndị ọzọ (ma ọ bụrụ na enyere ya).N'ọdịnihu, nghazi nke flywheel na clutch ekwesịghị ịgbanwe, ma ọ bụghị na a ga-enwe ahaghị nhata nke dị ize ndụ maka crankshaft na engine dum.
Igwe eji efe efe dị fechaa nwere ụdị nhazi ahụ, mana a na-eme windo nke ụdị na nha dị iche iche n'ime ha iji belata ibu.A na-arụkarị ihe nlele metal nke ụgbọ elu iji belata ibu ya maka imegharị na ịkwalite injin.Echichi nke dị otú ahụ a flywheel dịtụ ibelata nkwụsi ike nke ike unit na transient ụdịdị, ma na-enye ngwa ngwa set nke kacha ọsọ na, n'ozuzu, nwere mmetụta dị mma na ike àgwà.Otú ọ dị, nrụnye nke ụgbọ elu dị fechaa nwere ike ịrụ ya n'otu n'otu na arụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emegharị / ịkwalite engine.
Igwe igwe na-efe efe nke nwere okpukpu abụọ nwere ihe dị mgbagwoju anya karịa - ha na-agụnye dampers vibration na dampers dị iche na nhazi na ụkpụrụ nke ọrụ.N'okwu kachasị mfe, unit a nwere diski abụọ (ohu na nna ukwu), n'etiti nke nwere ihe mgbochi vibration torsional - otu ma ọ bụ karịa arc (atụgharị n'ime mgbanaka ma ọ bụ na-atụgharị site na arc) isi iyi gbagọrọ agbagọ.N'ime atụmatụ ndị dị mgbagwoju anya, e nwere ọtụtụ gia n'etiti diski, nke na-eme dị ka nnyefe mbara ala, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke isi iyi nwere ike iru iri na abuo ma ọ bụ karịa.A na-agbanye ụgbọ elu igwe nwere okpukpu abụọ, dị ka nke a na-emekarị, na crankshaft shank ma jide njide ahụ.
Igwe eji efe efe dị fechaaft
Nhazi igwe eji efe efe nwere okpukpu abụọ
The damper flywheel na-arụ ọrụ nnọọ mfe.A na-ejikọta diski mbanye ozugbo na flange crankshaft, na-enweta torque site na ya, yana ihe niile na-ama jijiji, ịma jijiji na ihe mgbagwoju anya na-eme na ọnọdụ oge.The torque si mbanye diski na ohu na-ebunye site na isi iyi, ma n'ihi na ha elasticity, ha na-etinye akụkụ dị ịrịba ama nke vibrations, ujo na vibrations, ya bụ, ha na-arụ ọrụ nke a damper.N'ihi nkwụsị nke a, diski a chụpụrụ, yana njigide na nnyefe ejikọrọ na ya, na-atụgharị karịa nke ọma, na-enweghị mkpọtụ na mkpọtụ.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-etinyewanye n'ime igwe ụgbọ ala na gwongworo, n'agbanyeghị atụmatụ ha dị mgbagwoju anya na ọnụ ahịa dị oke ọnụ.Ihe na-ewu ewu nke akụkụ ndị a bụ n'ihi ọrụ ha ka mma na nchebe nke nnyefe site na mmetụta ọjọọ sitere na ngalaba ike.Otú ọ dị, a na-eji ụgbọ elu nke ihe owuwu siri ike, n'ihi ọnụ ahịa ha, ntụkwasị obi na ịdị mfe, a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụgbọ ala mmefu ego, ọtụtụ traktọ, gwongworo na ngwa ndị ọzọ.
Nhọrọ nke flywheel, nnọchi na mmezi nsogbu
N'oge a na-arụ ọrụ nke engine, flywheel na-edo onwe ya dị ịrịba n'ibu ibu, ya mere, ka oge na-aga, ụdị nile nke malfunctions na-eme na ya - cracks, eyi nke kọntaktị elu na ipigide diski chụpụrụ diski, eyi na mmebi nke okpueze ezé, deformations. na ọbụna mbibi zuru oke (akụkụ ihe nkedo nkedo dị n'okpuru nke a).A na-egosipụta mmebi nke ụgbọ elu site na mmụba na ọkwa nke ịma jijiji na mkpọtụ n'oge arụ ọrụ engine, mmebi nke njigide, mmebi ma ọ bụ enweghị ike ịmalite engine site na mmalite (n'ihi ụda mgbanaka), wdg.
Ọtụtụ mgbe na flywheels nke usoro siri ike, ihe kpatara nsogbu ahụ bụ mgbanaka mgbanaka, yana mgbawa na nkwụsị nke diski n'onwe ya.N'ọnọdụ nkịtị nke flywheel, enwere ike dochie okpueze ahụ, akụkụ nke otu ụdị na ụdị nke guzoro na mbụ kwesịrị iwere maka nnọchi.Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ị nwere ike iji okpueze nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche nke ezé, ma ngbanwe dị otú ahụ adịghị ekwe omume mgbe niile.A na-arụkarị okpueze nke ọma n'ụzọ igwe - site na hama na-apịa ya site na chisel ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ ọzọ.A na-eme ntinye nke okpueze ọhụrụ ya na kpo oku ya - n'ihi mgbasawanye ọkụ, akụkụ ahụ ga-adaba ngwa ngwa, ma mgbe ọ dị jụụ, a ga-edozi ya n'enweghị nchebe na flywheel.
N'ebe a na-efe efe na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe mgbagwoju anya na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-emekarị - nkwụsịtụ ma ọ bụ mbibi zuru oke nke isi iyi arc, iyi nke bearings, eyi akụkụ nke diski, wdg. N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, a pụghị ịrụzi ụgbọ elu nke okpukpu abụọ, ma a na-edochi ya na mgbakọ. .N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume iji dochie okpueze na bearings, ma ọ ka mma ịnye ndị ọkachamara ọrụ ndị a.A na-eme nchọpụta nke damper flywheel ma na engine na akụkụ wepụrụ.Nke mbụ, a na-enyocha akụkụ nke ntụgharị nke flywheel na-ebugharị na azụ azụ, ma ọ bụrụ na akụkụ ahụ dị oke ibu ma ọ bụ, kama nke ahụ, a na-agbachi ụgbọ elu ahụ, mgbe ahụ, a ghaghị dochie akụkụ ahụ.
A ghaghị ịrụ ọrụ nyocha niile na nnọchi nke flywheel dịka ntuziaka maka ịrụzi na mmezi nke ụgbọ ala.Iji nweta akụkụ ahụ, n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ọ dị mkpa ịkwatu igbe gearbox na njigide, nke jikọtara ya na oge na mgbalị ndị ọzọ.Mgbe ị na-etinye ụgbọ elu ọhụrụ, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na nghazi nke njigide, yana iji ụfọdụ ụdị ihe nkedo na, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ụdị lubricants.Ọ bụrụ na ahọpụtara flywheel ma dochie ya nke ọma, mgbe ahụ engine na nnyefe ga-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na-eji obi ike na-arụ ọrụ ha.
Oge nzipu: Jul-13-2023